^B{^#!16!3 November^N! National Day of Panama. Feast day of St Rumwald, St Malachy of Armagh, St Amicus, St Winifred or Gwenfrewi, St Martin de Porres, and St Pirminus.
^B{1493^B} Christopher Columbus, on his second voyage of discovery, sighted Dominica, in the West Indies. ^B{1706^B} A violent earthquake occurred in the Abruzzi, Italy, killing some 15,000 inhabitants. ^B{1927^B} Turkey adopted the Roman alphabet, abolishing the use of Arabic. ^B{1942^B} British troops, led by Field Marshal Montgomery, broke through Rommel's front line in Africa. ^B{1948^B} Democrat Harry Truman was elected as 33rd US president. ^B{1957^B} The Russian dog, Laika, became the first in space aboard ^I{Sputnik II^I}. ^B{1964^B} Democrat Lyndon Bains Johnson was elected as 36th US president. ^B{1975^B} The North Sea pipeline, the first to be built underwater, was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II. ^B{1993^B} A mystery woman paid a record 5 million Swiss francs (ú2.2m) for an envelope with two stamps sent from Mauritius to a Bordeaux wine exporter in 1847.
^B{^I{^#!14!Born ^N}Vincenzo Bellini, Italian operatic composer, ^B{1801^B}; Karl Baedeker, German guide-book publisher, ^B{1801^B}; Charles Bronson, US film actor, ^B{1922^B}; Roy Emerson, Australian tennis player, ^B{1936^B}; Larry Holmes, US boxing champion, ^B{1949^B}; Adam Ant, English rock musician, ^B{1954^B}.
^B{^I{^#!14!Died ^N}Constantius II, Roman emperor of the East, ^B{361^B}; Annie Oakley, US entertainer and markswoman, ^B{1926^B}; Henri Matisse, French painter, ^B{1954^B}; Ralph Hodgson, English poet, ^B{1962^B}; Leon Theremin, Russian inventor, ^B{1993^B}.
